![]() ![]() ط - ع - م ( written together: طعم): This root is about eating and food: طعام is food, مطعم is a restaurant.ك - ت - ب ( written together: كتب): This root has everything to do with writing: كتاب is a book, كاتب is a writer, مكتب is a desk.Let’s see two more example roots to make sure we understand: We are beginning to see how roots in Arabic work. What do you think this word can mean? Still something related to justice, right? Yes! The word عَادِل means someone who acts fairly, justly. So the root is still ع - د - ل like the two words before. What do you think the three-letter root of this word is? I’ll give you a hint: we only added a ا vowel, so it’s an extra letter not part of the root. In spelling, the word still looks like the original version. We added the vowel ا to the middle of the word. In fact, changing the small markings turned the noun into a verb: now it means to act justly. Since the root is the same, we know this word is close in meaning to justice. But ignoring that small change, all the letters are the same: ع - د - ل. This is a subtle change, but with focus: the little markings at the top of each letter have changed from before. Now let’s change the vowelization of the word (the tiny markings on top of the letters) a little bit: We covered the □ Arabic writing system in another article.) Well, since there are only three letters in the word, each of them is part of the root! The root is ع - د - ل (and these letters look a bit different when written together, of course. Since most Arabic words have a three-letter root, what do you think are the root letters of this word? It’s best if you can read Arabic, but you can also follow along with the letter shapes you see: They all share the meaning of power and control because they share the root -archy. From it come the words anarchy, monarchy, oligarchy, hierarchy. This is how roots work in English, and many other languages around the world.Īn example of a root in English is -archy. ![]() A root is a shared set of letters that form the core meaning of the word. In Arabic, most words are derived from a set of root letters, usually just 3 letters. Let’s learn these rules now-they’re very intuitive. ![]() Through this system, we can expand our vocabulary and understand much more from all we read and hear. We only need to know the rules for word construction.īut chances are, when we ‘make’ a ‘new’ word, we’re actually finding a word that already exists in the dictionary. We can make our own words because Arabic has a system for doing that! Using this system, everyone can make words that everyone else can understand. The first issue: if I make up a word by myself, how can anyone else know what it means? That’s a big statement which raises more questions than it answers. A venerable old man especially, the oldest man, the father of a village or neighbourhood the veteran or oldest living representative of a class, profession, art, or such.In Arabic, you can create words all by yourself. One who is regarded as the father or founder of an order, institution, or tradition, or (by extension) of a science, school of thought, or the like.ĥ. The title of the Latin bishops of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem also, of those of the three minor patriarchates, the Indies, Lisbon, and Venice.Ĥ. ![]() In the Roman Catholic Church a bishop second only to the pope in episcopal, and to the pope and cardinals in hierarchical rank, and next above primates and metropolitans. Also the title of the heads of the other Eastern Churches, as the Abyssinian, Armenian, Jacobite, and Coptic.ģ. The title of the bishops of the four patriarchates of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem, the Patriarch of Constantinople being the Head of the Church or Ecumenical Patriarch. The father and ruler of a family or tribe specifically in the New Testament, and uses derived from there, the twelve sons of Jacob, from whom the tribes of Israel were descended also, the fathers of the race, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and their forefathers.Ģ. ![]()
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